Lineage Connections & Influences

Jerome extensively consulted the Greek Septuagint and Origen's Hexapla while translating the Latin Vulgate.

John Wycliffe and Nicholas of Hereford translated their English Bible entirely and directly from the Latin Vulgate.

William Tyndale used Erasmus's 3rd edition (1522) Greek New Testament as his primary text for translating the English New Testament.

Tyndale translated the Hebrew Old Testament (Pentateuch & Jonah) directly from the Bomberg Rabbinic Bible printed in Venice.

Martin Luther translated the September Testament at Wartburg Castle directly from Erasmus's 1519 Greek edition.

Coverdale adopted Tyndale's New Testament and Pentateuch almost verbatim, translating the remainder from German and Latin.

John Rogers incorporated Tyndale's published work plus Tyndale's unpublished manuscripts for Joshua through 2 Chronicles.

Rogers supplied the remaining Old Testament books and Apocrypha from Coverdale's 1535 translation.

The Great Bible was an official revision of the Matthew Bible, edited by Myles Coverdale to remove controversial Protestant notes.

The Marian exiles in Geneva thoroughly revised Tyndale's foundational English wording against fresh Hebrew and Greek texts.

Geneva translators consulted the Great Bible while substantially improving accuracy from original languages.

The Bishops' Bible was commissioned as an official ecclesiastical revision of the Great Bible to counter the Geneva Bible.

Rule 1 of the royal charter designated the 1568 Bishops' Bible as the official base text to be followed unless the original languages dictated change.

Computer textual analysis demonstrates that approximately 84% of the King James New Testament and 76% of the Old Testament is William Tyndale's phrasing word-for-word.

The KJV translators extensively consulted the Geneva Bible, adopting its precise linguistic renderings in hundreds of passages despite King James's personal dislike of its marginal notes.

The KJV committee drew upon Coverdale's lyrical cadence, especially in the Psalms and lyrical poetic passages.

The KJV New Testament was translated from the Textus Receptus editions of Robert Stephanus (1550) and Theodore Beza (1598), direct descendants of Erasmus's Greek NT.

The KJV Old Testament companies at Westminster and Oxford used the Bomberg Second Rabbinic Bible (ben Hayyim Masoretic text) as their Hebrew foundation.

The 1881 Revised Version was the first official authorized revision of the 1611 King James Bible in English history.

Westcott and Hort used Codex Sinaiticus and Vaticanus to depart from the KJV's Textus Receptus in over 5,000 readings.

Codex Vaticanus served as the premier manuscript witness for the textual changes introduced in the Revised Version.

The American Standard Version was the American edition of the 1881 Revised Version, incorporating the preferences of the American scholars.

The Revised Standard Version (1952) was authorized as an official revision of the 1901 ASV, modernizing Jacobean pronouns and grammar.

The Lockman Foundation produced the NASB as a conservative, strictly literal update of the 1901 American Standard Version.

The NKJV updated the 1611 KJV's vocabulary and grammar while maintaining complete allegiance to the traditional Textus Receptus Greek text.

The English Standard Version was produced as an "essentially literal" revision of the 1971 RSV text, restoring conservative biblical terminology.

The ESV translation committee consulted the Dead Sea Scrolls in dozens of Old Testament passages for variant textual readings.

The NIV Committee on Bible Translation integrated newly available Dead Sea Scroll readings directly into their fresh Old Testament translation.